Demyelinating disease

Demyelinating disease
Classification and external resources

Photomicrograph of a demyelinating MS-Lesion. Immunohistochemical staining for CD68 highlights numerous macrophages (brown). Original magnification 10×.
ICD-10 G35-G37, G61.0
ICD-9 340-341, 357.0
MeSH D003711

A demyelinating disease is any disease of the nervous system in which the myelin sheath of neurons is damaged.[1] This impairs the conduction of signals in the affected nerves, causing impairment in sensation, movement, cognition, or other functions depending on which nerves are involved.

The term describes the effect of the disease, rather than its cause; some demyelinating diseases are caused by genetics, some by infectious agents, some by autoimmune reactions, and some by unknown factors. Organophosphates, a class of chemicals which are the active ingredients in commercial insecticides such as sheep dip, weed-killers, and flea treatment preparations for pets, etc., will also demyelinate nerves.

Neuroleptics can cause demyelination.[2]

Demyelinating diseases

Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system include:

Demyelinating diseases of the peripheral nervous system include:

See also

References